INTRODUCTION:

Hair is essential to human existence. In India, the custom involves mixing different medications that promote hair growth with hair oils. The preparations for hair oil are included to treat split ends, dandruff and other issues. Now a days hair loss and dandruff in hair is major problems associated with hair in both women and men’s.

Therefore, it has great importance to develop the new theories for the treatment of hair problems. Along with the good shampoo and conditioner, great hair oil completes hair care.⁴ The main purpose of hair oil preparations is to cool the scalp in order to promote luscious hair development in both men and women.¹ Making an herbal hair oil using multiple herbal powders, Herbal juices and base oils involves a Decoction process that extracts the beneficial properties of the herbs into the oil. Here's a step-by-step procedure to create an effective herbal hair oil for hair loss, hair regrowth & powerful antidandruff. Hair follicles are highly sensitive structures that can be damaged by various factors, including environmental pollutants, UV radiation and inflammation.⁸Herbal medicines derived from plants are believed to be safe in the treatment of various diseases.¹¹

Types of Herbal Hair Oil Available in Market:

1. Amla hair oil

2. Coconut hair oil

3. Bhringraj hair oil

4. Jasmine hair oil

5. Brahmi hair oil

6. Cantharidin hair oil

7. Onion hair oil

Hair oil is oil applied to the hair as a cosmetic, conditioner, styling aid, restorative, or tonic. Hair oils have been used for many different purposes such as hair growth, health, dryness, scalp, or fixing damaged hair. Various forms of hair oils can be applied such as natural hair oils which include traditional hair oils like coconut, castor, or almond oil Humans produce natural hair oil called sebum from glands around each follicle. ⁽²⁾Diagnosis of hair loss conditions involves a comprehensive assessment, including a thorough medical history and physical examination. Dermatologists utilize advanced techniques such as dermatoscopy and trichoscopy to identify specific findings. ⁽³⁾ The objective of this study is to designed formulate and evaluate a herbal hair oil aimed at nourishing and fortifying hair, soothing the scalp, and stimulating hair growth. Following formulation, the herbal hair oil underwent comprehensive evaluation, considering factors including Physical appearance, Acid Value, pH, saponification value.

Types of hair loss: -

1. Androgenetic Alopecia

2. Telogen Effluvium

3. Anagen Effluvium

4. Alopecia Areata

5. Tinea Capitis

6. Cicatricle Alopecia

7. Hair Shaft Abnormalities

The Main function of hair Follicle is to: -

1) To promote growth of hair

2) Help to repair skin after the wound or an injury.

3) Forms the new blood vessels.

4) Form new neuron cells of nervous system (neurogenesis).

Benefits of Herbal Hair Oil: -

• The hair oil helps prevent hair loss and reduces frizz. The ends of the human hair need special care, and vegetable oil help to pampers the throughout the diet.

• Gives shine to hair.

• It helps to relieve stress.

• Regular use of hair oils helps to cure the problem of premature grey hair.

Ideal characteristics of Hair oil: -

• It must impart pleasant smell to the hair.

• It should not have any side effects.

• It must be fluently removed on irrigating with the water.

• It should give luster to the hair.

• It should be retained them soft and flowing.

• It should Keep the brain cool.

• Should not be sticky.

Disadvantage of hair oils: -

• The use of so much oil can weigh down the hair and damage the scalp

• People can make oil which can damage the any individual’s scalp. If any person has a sensitive scalp, he should not use herbal hair oil when you are in good strength as this will only cause scalp issues and if your hair is oily, it will cause excessive oiliness.

• Hair oil can also cause seborrheic dermatitis or dandruff.

Symptoms of hair follicle conditions?¹⁰

• Hair loss, thinning hair or limited hair growth.

• Pimples, fluid-filled bumps or blemishes on your skin

• Swelling (inflammation). • An itchy rash.

• A wound that isn’t healing, has a yellow crust or leaks a white to yellow fluid (Infection).

The HF cycle comprises four major phases:

Anagen (growth), catagen (regression, telogen (rest), and exgen (shedding) are the four stages of life

According on anatomical location, nutritional and hormonal status, age, and species, each phase lasts a different amount of time. For instance, the first "test" hair shaft in mice develops very late, around 17 days after birth, and is therefore frequently mistaken for the "first anagen". In their lifetime, scalp follicles go through 10 to 30 cycles. The location of white adipose tissue, which forms "dermal cones" around pi-losebaceous units, is hypothesized to be related to the cycle of human HF.⁵

They are used to provide shine and excellent conditioning and they also help to reduce frizz. Natural hair oils are the hair care products which are rich in Vitamins, Minerals and Fatty acids which are the vital.⁶Considering the above-mentioned fact, the presented study has been prepared to formulate and evaluate an effective herbal hair oil for the promotion of hair growth and perform a comparative study with commercially available hair formulations.⁷

There are three phases of hair growth cycle, these are as⁹

1. Anagen (Growth phase) – this is a short phase as 2- 8 times and about 80 of hair is in this phase.

2. Catagen (Involution) – this is veritably short phase 10- 14 days and in this phase the exertion of hair growth increases and also hair moves to the coming phase.

3. Telogen (Resting phase) – in this stage hair is in resting stage and this stage is lasts for 90- 100 days. Generally, 50- 100 hairs are exfoliating aimlessly every day. The telogen phase isa state at which the hairs move into resting state. further than 100 hair per day causes a state of alopecia (hair loss), albeit it could be temporary.

The following are the various hair care preparations

1. Detergents: Eg: soap nut, shikekai, reetha.

2. Conditioners: Eg: henna, Amla, hibiscus,

3. Nourishers: Eg: Brahmi, bring raj

4. Hair colorants: Eg: henna.

5. Hair growth promoters: Eg: Brahmi

6. Anti dandruff: Eg: soap nut, shikekai, lemon, thyme, aloe vera.¹⁸

Aim of study: -

1. This study’s primary objective is to create and assess a polyherbal hair oil with a variety of herbs for several uses. 2. To create the herbal hair oil.

2. To lessen the impact of chemical formulation adverse effects.

3. To make hair’s texture better.

4. To make the hair darker.

5. To stop hair thinning.

6. To soften, shine, and silky hair¹²

Skin related conditions: -

· Acne (Acne Vulgaris) Acne, the most common skin disorder.

· Atopic dermatitis (Eczema).

· Shingles (Herpes Zoster).

· Hives (Urticaria)

· Sunburn.

· Contact Dermatitis.

· Diaper Rash.¹⁵

Hair oils are the hair care formulations applied for treatment of hair disorders such as baldness, aggression of hair discoloring of hair, hair falling, dryness of hair. Herbal hair oils are formulated with herbal extracts in oil base.¹⁶ There are various methods available for the preparation of hair oils direct boiling method, paste method and cloth method. After preparation second main step is evaluation of preparation. The next final step is determination of its therapeutic efficacy.²⁰

MATERIAL AND METHOD: -

Material:

All the materials used were of pharmaceutical or analytical purpose. It was Collected by in our college SSJIPER Jamner.

Method of Preparation:

1) Measure Ingredients: Weigh all the ingredients in given formula accurately.

2) First of all, the oils (Coconut, Rosemary, Castor, til oil) given in formula are mixed together in clean, dry pan

3) Heat the mixture of base oil on low temperature (below 60ºC) for about 30 mins

4) Add the herbal powders to the mixture of oil and mix thoroughly to ensure all the powders are evenly dispersed in the oil.

5) The low heat will help to release the active ingredients from the powders without damaging their properties.

6) Heating is continued till the oil is infused and has taken on the color and aroma of the herbs, allow it to cool to room temperature.

7) After oil is cool at room temperature add mixture of juices (Aloe, Ginger, onion, neem, lemon) in prescribed quantity in formula.

8) Again, heat the oil at low temperature for nest 60 minutes again so that all the ingredients in juices form that are concentrated and enhance the medicinal property of oil.

9) After concentrating the juices after heating then switch off the hot plate wait for normalize the temperature of oil to room temperature

10) Strain the oil through a muslin cloth or fine strainer into a clean container.

11) Ensure you squeeze the cloth well to extract as much oil as possible.

12) After cooling add essential oil like lavender or mentha oil for fragrance & additional benefits

13) Add vitamin E oil (1-2 capsules per 100 ml) to act as a natural preservative.

14) Pour the strained oil into a dark, airtight glass bottle to protect it from light and extend its shelf life.

Formulation Batch for Preparation of Herbal Hair Oil: -

Table No. 2: - Formulation Batch

Sr. No.	Ingredients	Quantity (1000ml.)
1.	Amla	15 gm
2.	Bhringraj	10 gm
3.	Hemp	10 gm
4.	Brahmi	10 gm
5.	Neem	10 gm
6.	Fenugreek	12 gm
7.	Hibiscus	12 gm
8.	Ashwagandha	10 gm
9.	Heena	10 gm
10.	Arjuna	10 gm
11.	Green Tea	10 gm
12.	Coffee	10 gm
13.	Kalonji Seed	10 gm
14.	Base Oil	25 ml
15.	Coconut Oil	1000 ml
16.	Lavender Oil	25 ml
17.	Castor Oil	35 ml
18.	Rosemary Oil	25 ml
19.	Til Oil	25 ml
20.	Vitamin E oil	50 ml

Evaluation Parameters: -

Physical appearance: ^1,14

To check the state, colour and odour of herbal oil.

Table No. 3: - Physical Parameters

Sr. No.	Parameters	Result
1.	State	Liquid
2.	Colour	Yellowish Brown
3.	Odour	Aromatic

Determination of pH^2,6,14,19:

The pH of hair oil was determined using a digital pH meter.

Acid Value^2,15:

Preparation of 0.1 molar solutions. Weighed 0.56 g KOH pellets and dissolved in 100 mL of distilled water and stirred continuously. The prepared 0.1 molar KOH solution was filled in the burette. Preparation of sample 10 mL oil was measured and dissolved in 50 mL of 1:1 ethanol and ether mixture and shacked vigorously. 1 mL of phenolphthalein solution was then added and titrated with 0.1 molar KOH solutions.

Saponification Value^4,11,13:

Accurately weigh 1 ml of oil into a 250 ml of conical flask and 10 ml of ethanol: ether mixture (2:1) was added. To this flask, 25 ml of 0.5 N alcoholic KOH was added. Keep the flask for 30 min and the flask was cooled. The cooled solution was titrated against 0.5 N HCl using phenolphthalein as indicator. Similarly, the blank titration was performed without taking oil (sample). The amount of KOH in mg used was calculated.

Saponification value = B-S) N/W

Were,

S = ml of KOH required to neutralize the substance

B = ml of KOH required for blank

N= Normality of standard Hydrochloric acid.

W = Weight of the sample taken for the test (g).

Sedimentation^1,17:

Keep the whole preparation aside for overnight and check for sedimentation occur in oil.

Viscosity^6,7,11,20:

The viscosity of the herbs was determined with a Ostwald viscometer and Take the specific gravity bottle, wash it with distilled water, dry in an oven for 15 minutes, cool, cap and weigh (a) Now fill the same specific gravity bottle with the sample and cap and weigh again (b) Determine the weight of the sample per milli liter by subtracting the mass(ba).Susceptibility test: 1 cm of prepared plant cells was applied to the skin of the hands and exposed to sunlight for 4-5min.

Skin Irritation Test^5,13:

The prepared herbal oil was applied on 1 cm skin of hand and exposed to sunlight for 4-5 min.

Volunteer study^8,19:

1 volunteer with hair loss, dandruff and other hair problems participated in the study. The volunteer was asked to use the oil once or twice daily according to their usage habits. They were directed to apply the oil on the scalp and massage with fingertips using a circular motion so that the oil reach the root of the hair and covers the entire scalp area. Additionally, they were advised not to wash the hair immediately or to comb vigorously after applying the oil. Moreover, they were not permitted to use any other oil or hair loss supplements during the course of the study. Data was collected regarding the use of this oil at the time points of 2 months.

RESULT:

In respect of physicochemical properties, the prepared formulation was yellowish-Brown in color with pH (6.8) in accordance with human skin pH (6.8) which was neutral to slightly acidic.

Table No. 4: - Evaluation Parameters of Herbal Hair Oil

Evaluation Parameter	Obtained Result
Physical Appearance	No
State	Liquid
Colour	Yellowish Brown
Order	Aromatic
Determination of pH	6.8
Acid Value	2.64
Saponification Value	186.7
Sedimentation	No
Viscosity	28.12
skin irritation	No skin irritation
Volunteer Study	Enhanced Growth of Hair After Completion of Two Months

Volunteer Study:

Before 2 Month After 2 Month

DISCUSSION: -

Herbal hair oil was yellowish brown in appearance. Herbal Hair oil had appropriate pH, Viscosity, acid value, saponification value as well as good hair growth. The composition give very good effect there is no any kind of irritation to skin. Combination of effective herb could be used to enhanced hair growth activity. It provides numerous essential nutrient required to maintain function of sebaceous gland and promote natural hair growth.

CONCLUSION:

The used of herbal hair oil in the cosmetic increases many folds in personal hygiene and health care system. Hair is is one of the most recognized hair treatments. The use of different herbal materials which is having different benefits with good combination will give the great effect for enhance hair growth activity. It provides numerous essential nutrients required to maintain normal function of sebaceous gland and promote natural hair growth. The use of different benefits with good combination will give the great effect for hair. The herbal extracts and constituents chosen for formulation of hair oil were reported to have hair growth, it is use in treatment of alopecia areata scalps blood circulation. Thickening of hair, reduces excess illness, anti-dandruff and shiny hair growth. The formulation was proven to be safe for human use. Hair oil formulation with good values of evaluation parameters show similar beneficial in maintaining good hair growth of the hair sturning grey hairs to black providing protection from dandruff and results lustrous looking hairs. Formulation was done and evaluated by means of various parameters like pH greenish brown organoleptic properties (colour, odour, sedimentation) acid value, viscosity, saponification value, skin irritation test, volunteer study. At last, it can be concluded that the herbal oil formulation has significant quality. The formulated herbal oil provides many nourishing values to hair such as vitamins, minerals and essential oils.

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Received on 24.12.2024 Revised on 10.01.2025

Accepted on 31.01.2025 Published on 28.03.2025

Available online from April 01, 2025

Research J. Topical and Cosmetic Sci. 2025; 16(1):27-32.

DOI: 10.52711/2321-5844.2025.00005

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Creative Commons License.

Ingredients	Medicinal Uses
Amla	(Indian gooseberry) - promotes hair growth, strengthens hair.
Bringhraj	Prevents hair loss, supports regrowth.
Hemp	Natural cleanser, strengthens hair roots.
Brahmi	Soothes scalp, prevents dandruff.
Neem	Antimicrobial, treats scalp infections.
Fenugreek	Reduces dandruff, promotes thicker hair.
Hibiscus	Boosts hair growth, reduces frizz.
Ashwagandha	Reduces hair loss & nourishes hair follicles (by depleting cortisol)
Heena	Conditioning, dyeing, strengthening
Arjuna	Rich in antioxidant & prevent scalp, strengthen the roots of hair
Green Tea	Promote hair growth by catechins that reduces hormone Dihydrotestosterone) that causes hair loss
Coffee	Improve Scalp & promote hair growth by caffeine that reduces hormone (Dihydrotestosterone) that causes hair loss
Kalonji Seed	Promotes hair growth, prevent greying of hair
Base Oil	(Choose one or a mix depending on your preference):
Coconut Oil	Deeply nourishing, great for all hair types.
Lavender Oil	Helps in reducing frizz and split ends.
Castor Oil	Thickens hair, promotes growth.
Rosemary Oil	Moisturizes, softens hair.
Til Oil	Balances scalp sebum, adds shine.
Vitamin E oil	As a preservative and for added nourishment